Defensive structures were built of stone and brick, sacred, locks, bridges, and aqueducts and residential buildings. Due to unfavorable thermal properties - high heat transfer coefficient - natural stone is not used for erecting buildings intended for permanent stay of people.. and animals (residential buildings and agricultural buildings) in these areas, where are you-[ temperatures are low.
Ceramic brick walls have long been used extensively in housing construction. Residential buildings of different heights are built of brick, ; from 1 storeys to over 20 storeys. Due to the favorable advantages - durability, thermal insulation - school buildings are made of brick, health services and others.
The structural system of brick buildings consists of the following main elements:
a) foundation with an underground part,
b) load-bearing walls,
c) ceilings,
d) roof or flat roof.
The underground part of the building (basement walls) it can be made of stone or brick walls. Quite often, basement walls are made of brick, and the stone serves as a decorative cladding at the height of the plinth, and even higher walls.
Natural stones from the following types of rocks are used to make stone walls:
a) igneous: granite, genitals, andezyt,
b) sedimentary: sandstone, dolomit, travertine and limestone,
c) transformed (metamorphic): kwarcyt.
Limestone cannot be used for foundations, because it dissolves in water; however, it is suitable for plinths and walls with appropriate horizontal insulation.